The total sample size for the 2010 Burundi Demographic and Health Survey was 9,024 households. A two-stage stratification sample method was used and a total of 376 clusters (301 rural and 75 urban) were selected by probability proportional to size. The survey included three questionnaires: household, women, and men.There were a total of 9,389 female respondents ages 15-49 and 4,280 male respondents ages 15-59. In half of the selected households, blood sampling was done for women, men, and children to test for anemia prevalence. Blood samples for men and women were also tested for HIV. Anthropometric measurements were taken for women and children under age five.

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